Command and influence is a component of Military C2 ('Command and control') and is a key aspect of Terrorist Tactics, Techniques, and Procedures.
Thus, recognition of "Influence" is an important element in any future warfighting concept.
The work of John Arquilla and David Ronfeldt, on the netwar actor,[4] was used as the basis for developing the 'command and influence' model.
In particular, their characterization of the network based organisation, as these routinely employ non-hierarchical based decision structures: This later dictum clearly identifies 'Influence' as the enabling mechanism allowing actors/agents to disperse, devote to different tasks, as well as coordinate from a ground level up emulating operational centrality.
Swarming attackers or defenders take advantage of any happenstance they can manipulate (to their own advantage); and are able to overcome coordination barriers, as these adopt the following strategies:[5] The key command and influence cohesive factors, are: