[4] The other members of the commission were William Willoughby, Judge Walter Warwick, Frank Goodnow, and Harvey Chase.
[5] Since the end of the 19th century, the federal government was running deficits because of a weak tax base and pent up demand for services.
The members of the Commission brought their work from the New York Bureau of Municipal Research and began applying it to the national government.
President Taft submitted to Congress the first consolidated federal budget in the form that the Commission had created in 1913.
By getting approval from Congress first, the President established a process for participating and guiding administrative reorganization efforts.
The budgetary process, first envisioned by the Commission on Economy and Efficiency, is constrained by the Constitution so that only the House of Representatives can tax the people.