The Committee for the Salvation of the Homeland and the Revolution was a brief counterrevolutionary organ created in Petrograd on the night of November 7–8, 1917, during the storming of the Winter Palace by the Bolsheviks, after the procession participants returned to the building of the City Duma to help the revolutionary government besieged in their residence in order to fight against the Bolsheviks.
According to John Reed's testimony, the committee had already posted a petition in Petrograd on November 8 stating the illegality of the Bolshevik government, declared its intention to recreate the Provisional Government, which "will bring the country to the Constituent Assembly and save it from counter-revolution and anarchy", and urged citizens not to recognize illegal power Bolsheviks and stand up "to defend the homeland and revolution".
For some time, the rebels managed to seize the telephone station and disconnect Smolny, arrest part of the commissars of the Military Revolutionary Committee and begin disarming the Red Guards.
In parallel, the forces of the Military Revolutionary Committee blocked a number of cadet schools in Petrograd, which in some cases was accompanied by victims.
At the end of November 1917, the committee was transformed into the "Union for the Defense of the Constituent Assembly", which also included representatives of other parties; the right-wing Social Revolutionary Vasily Filippovsky became the chairman.