The Commonwealth Court's headquarters is in Harrisburg, Pennsylvania, with jurisdiction over administrative and civil public law.

The jurisdiction of the nine-judge Commonwealth Court is limited to appeals from final orders of certain state agencies and certain designated cases from the Courts of Common Pleas involving public sector legal questions, government regulation, and certain matters involving Not-for-profit organizations.

Article V, section 4 of the 1968 Pennsylvania Constitution created the Commonwealth Court.

The Commonwealth Court publishes its precedential opinions in the Atlantic Reporter 3d series.

The Court's precedential and non-precedential ("unreported") opinions are posted online.