Sources are objects which encode message data and transmit the information, via a channel, to one or more observers (or receivers).
[citation needed] In the strictest sense of the word, particularly in information theory, a source is a process that generates message data that one would like to communicate, or reproduce as exactly as possible elsewhere in space or time.
A source may be modelled as memoryless, ergodic, stationary, or stochastic, in order of increasing generality.
[2] In the economy, the issuer is a legal entity, foundation, company, individual firm, national or foreign governments, investment companies or others that develop, register and then trade commercial securities to finance their operations.
The issuers are legally responsible for the issues in question and for reporting the financial conditions, materials developed and whatever their operational activities required by the regulations within their jurisdictions.