This led in September of the same year to the foundation of the Organización de Marxistas Leninistas Españoles (OMLE) (Organization of Spanish Marxist-Leninists) in Brussels.

During the following years, this splinter group of Spanish Communists was inspired by ETA’s rise and by the military coup in Portugal that led to the Carnation Revolution.

Franco’s illness was also interpreted as an omen for a wide-open future and a promise of success for the PCE(r)'s ambitions and goals.

[1] Despite its initial successes, the PCE(r) became increasingly a marginal group after certain key-measures were adopted by the transitional Spanish government.

Historically, the strongholds of the party have been Vigo, Cádiz, A Coruña and El Pozo del Tio Raimundo.