Ecuadorian Civil War of 1913–1916

It began in 1913, when the Esmeraldas Province rose up against the rule of Leónidas Plaza.

Ultimately, the government was able to re-assert control, though much of the province was destroyed in the process.

[2][3] In the north of Ecuador, the citizens of Esmeraldas, especially the Afro-Esmeraldans, were loyal to the liberal cause and the ensuing struggle left many of the poorly armed blacks dead at the hands of government troops.

Ecuadorian blacks contributed notably to the military effort and even formed the bulk of Alfaro’s army in the region.

The Esmeraldan rebel army was led and funded by Colonel Carlos Concha Torres [es] (1864–1919).