The constitutional system shows influences of Roman customary law and Justinian I's Corpus Juris Civilis (529–534).

The Statutes form the basis of all law in effect today, and so it may be the oldest constitution of any existing nation.

It is constitutional in character and describes the various councils of San Marino, courts, a number of administrative positions, including the Captains-Regent, and the powers assigned to them.

The first half provides for civil law procedures covering subpoenas, evidence, examination of witnesses and judicial expenses.

On 12 July 1974 the Captains-Regent signed a law (59/1974) adopted by the Grand and General Council containing a declaration of citizen rights and the fundamental principles of the juridical order of San Marino.

It states the people are sovereign and explains how the separation of powers doctrine is applicable to San Marino.