They are used primarily in the United States, but are occasionally used in Canada, Mexico and Costa Rica.
Drums tend to command more respect from drivers than cones as they are larger, more visible, and give the appearance of being formidable obstacles.
Plastic barrels that are commonly seen on American roadways today began emerging in the late 1970s and 1980s; steel 55-gallon drums were largely phased out by the 1990s,[4] with an outright prohibition on using metal drums appearing in the third revision of the 1988 Edition of the MUTCD, published in September 1993.
The same year, an updated version of the invention was released by PSS; it included a flange to allow sandbag placement on the outside of the drum which made it easier to maneuver.
[7] The LifeGard® utilized the sidewall of a recycled truck tire at its base to keep the drum securely in place on the roadway.