Consumer price index by country
Thus, the CPI is widely used to adjust contracted payments, such as wages, rents, leases and child or spousal support allowances.
[9] The European Central Bank publishes the Harmonized Index of Consumer Prices (HICP).
It is a seasonally adjusted chained index in which goods are split by final consumption.
The index (kuluttajahintaindeksi) is calculated and published by Statistics Finland[10] Finnish food prices have been increasing almost fastest in European Union.
In the current year, consumer prices for food are forecast to increase by 4.5 per cent on average.
[11] Most shopping centers have expensive underground car parking places that are often in practice free of charge.
The two biggest food retailers Kesko and S-Market (HOK Elanto) cover over 80% of the markets.
Satu Hassi (Green) has made a questionary for the EU Commission of the retail industry.
The index is calculated and published by the Federal Statistical Office of Germany (Statistisches Bundesamt), yearly and monthly results are available from 1991 onwards.
WPI is the index that is used to measure the change in the average price level of goods traded in wholesale market.
Indeks Harga Konsumen (IHK) is calculated and published by Badan Pusat Statistik (BPS).
[22] Israeli's Central Bureau of Statistics publishes a series of consumer and other (manufacturing, agricultural, housing, etc.)
[23] Both current and historical data[24] are available on their web site[permanent dead link], which also includes a convenient calculator that allows visitors to enter starting and ending dates and retrieve the monthly data in HTML or Microsoft Excel spreadsheet format.
[26] The INPC, which stands for Indice Nacional de Precios al Consumidor (Consumer Price Index in English), is calculated and published every two weeks or on a monthly basis by the National Institute on Statistics and Geography (INEGI).
Until July 15, 2011, the INPC was published by Banco de México, the Central Bank.
[29] The CPI for Nigeria is calculated and published monthly by the National Bureau of Statistics (NBS).
[31] The index is calculated and published by GUS (Główny Urząd Statystyczny)[32] page in English.
[34] The South African Reserve Bank sets interest rates based on CPI.
Switzerland issues a monthly CPI calculation by the Swiss Federal Statistical Office.
https://data.tuik.gov.tr/Search/Search?text=TÜFE The traditional measure of inflation in the UK for many years was the Retail Prices Index (the RPI), which was first calculated in the early 20th century to evaluate the extent to which workers were affected by price changes during the first world war.
An explicit inflation target was first set in October 1992 by then-Chancellor of the Exchequer Norman Lamont following the departure of the UK from the Exchange Rate Mechanism.
Initially, the target was based on the RPIX, which is the RPI calculated excluding mortgage interest payments.
On winning power in May 1997, the New Labour government handed control over interest rates to the Bank of England, whose Monetary Policy Committee now sets rates on the basis of an inflation target set by the Chancellor.
[37] If in any month inflation is more than one percentage point off its target, the Governor of the Bank of England is required to write to the Chancellor explaining why.
The C-CPI-U tries to mitigate the substitution bias that is encountered in CPI-W and CPI-U by employing a Tornqvist formula and utilizing expenditure data in adjacent time periods in order to reflect the effect of any substitution that consumers make across item categories in response to changes in relative prices.
In 1999, the BLS introduced a geometric mean estimator for averaging prices within most of the index's item categories in order to approximate the effect of consumers' responses to changes in relative prices within these item categories.
The CPI has powerful political ramifications, and administrations of both parties have been tempted to change the basis for its calculation.
Especially since 1980, the definition of CPI has been altered repeatedly, though economists disagree whether the index underestimates or overestimates the true rate of decline in purchasing power.
The Boskin critique helped to spur some changes in the U.S. CPI, although it was partially disputed by the BLS.
Many of the changes were aimed at moving the CPI to a cost of living model which takes consumer substitutions into account and typically reduces the reported level of inflation.
