The gold rushes and copper booms were major draws on Cornish people, not just from Cornwall itself, but also from other countries where they had previously settled.

The practice of sending apparently unwanted or orphaned Cornish children abroad continued long after it had ceased, after being discredited, in other areas.

Swanky beer and saffron cake were very popular in the past and have been revitalised by Kernewek Lowender and the Cornish Associations.

[14] In the 1880s Henry Madren Leggo, whose parents came from St Just, Cornwall, began making vinegar, pickles, sauces, cordials and other grocery goods based on his mother's traditional recipes.

He planted vines in the outer Adelaide suburb of Tea Tree Gully, though 125 years on most of its wines are based on Riverland grapes.

[17] Members of the Gorsedh Kernow make frequent visits to Australia, and there are a number of Cornish Australian bards.

[22] Not Only in Stone by Phyllis Somerville is the story of emigrant Cornishwoman, Polly Thomas, who faces many trials and tribulations in the pioneering era of South Australia.

[24] Kangaroo is D. H. Lawrence's semi-autobiographical novel based on his wartime experiences in Cornwall and subsequent visit to Australia.

D. M. Thomas is an internationally renowned Cornish author who spent part of his childhood in Australia, drawing upon his experiences in his work.

A Fringe of Leaves portrays Cornishwoman Ellen Roxburgh née Gluyas shipwrecked on an island and living amongst the aboriginal population.

Collections of his work include: Roger Kemp – Abstractionist Painter Cornish Christmas carols are still traditionally sung in parts of Australia, just like in Grass Valley, California.

Cornish wrestling matches were a regular occurrence, held at festivities throughout the year, particularly Midsummer, Easter and Christmas.

The first Labor party majority government in South Australia (1910–12) was led by premier John Verran, a Cornishman from Gwennap.

The first Labor party majority government in Western Australia (1911–16) was led by premier John Scaddan, a Cornishman from Moonta.

After a traumatic time on the island King went back to Britain to recuperate, leaving Nicholas Nepean, from Saltash, in charge.

In 1803 he ordered the occupation of Van Diemen's Land as a convict settlement, there he founded Launceston named after the town of his birth.

He had tried to rein them in, something King had failed to do, but instead spent the next two years in exile on Van Diemen's Land while the colony was ruled by a military junta.

At the time Van Diemen's Land was the main British penal colony and it was separated from New South Wales in 1825.

It was during Arthur's time in office that Van Diemen's Land gained much of its notorious reputation as a harsh penal colony.

He selected Port Arthur as the ideal location for a prison settlement, on a peninsula connected by a narrow, easily guarded isthmus, surrounded by shark-infested seas.

He failed in his attempts to reform the colony and the system of penal transportation with Arthur's autocratic and authoritarian rule leading to his recall.

[citation needed] On the First Fleet 21 Cornish convicts arrived in Australia aboard the Charlotte and Scarborough in 1788.

A mixture of famine and collapses in the mining industry in their native Cornwall forced many thousands of Cornish people to leave their homes from the 1840s.

[10][1] Samuel Stephens became the first adult colonist to put foot on South Australian soil when he landed at Nepean Bay on 27 July 1836.

[44] His brother, John Stephens, was active in promoting the new colony within Britain, publishing his book, The Land of Promise, in 1839.

[45] Internationally renowned Cornish author D. M. Thomas, who spent part of his childhood in Melbourne, visited the town of Truro, South Australia in the late 20th century.

A High School class to which I read and talked had three children with solidly Cornish names, who knew all about their ancestry.

"[46] In its heyday Moonta was South Australia's second largest town after Adelaide and was predominantly settled by Cornish miners and their families.

Along with the other principal towns of Kadina and Wallaroo in the northern Yorke Peninsula this mining area became known as the Copper Triangle and was a significant source of prosperity for South Australia in the late 19th and early 20th centuries.

[10] The city of Kalgoorlie with Boulder attracted great numbers of Cornish both from within and outside Australia, due to their extensive goldfields.