Coronation Mass

The custom of depicting the Blessed Virgin Mary adorned with a crown became common both in the East and in the West since the Council of Ephesus in 431.

"[2] The custom of placing precious crowns on statues of the Virgin Mary stems from popular devotion, was practised by pious religious and laymen, and has spread increasingly since the end of the 16th century.

The popes, "favoring such types of popular devotion", often crowned, either by own hand or through representatives, images of the Mother of God which were already outstanding by reason of public veneration.

[3] In the present, the diocesan bishops decide in agreement with the local congregation whether an image should be solemnly crowned.

He or a cleric on his behest celebrates the coronation, usually in a Holy Mass or in a Marian vespers of the Liturgy of the Hours.