The Cortes of Castilla–La Mancha represent the popular will through 33 deputies elected by universal adult suffrage through the secret ballot.

Deputies are elected for a term of four years under a proportional system intended to guarantee representation to the various territorial zones of Castile–La Mancha.

Article 10 of the Statute of Autonomy states that elections will be convoked by the President of the Junta of Communities, following the General Electoral Regime (Régimen Electoral General), on the fourth Sunday in May every four years.

Since the 28 May 2023 election, the Cortes of Castile–La Mancha has consisted of 12 deputies from the conservative People's Party, 17 from the social-democratic PSOE and 4 from the far-right Vox.

The Cortes sits in the former Franciscan convent in Toledo, the Convento de San Gil.