Council of State (Ottoman Empire)

[2] The foundations of Şûrâ-yı Devlet can be traced back to the Supreme Council of Judicial Ordinances, established by Sultan Mahmud II in 1837.

[3] In 1839, with the Edict of Gülhane, the Ottoman people were promised the guarantee of their natural rights, such as life, property, honor, and dignity, regardless of religion or sect.

The Council of State was assigned two roles: preparing draft laws and resolving administrative disputes.

However, with the enactment of the 1876 Ottoman Constitution, the jurisdiction of the Council of State became significantly limited as the resolution of "disputes between the government and individuals" was transferred to general courts.

[6] After serving for 54 years during the Ottoman period, the Council of State came to an end on November 4, 1922, when all central institutions in Istanbul were transferred to the administration of the Grand National Assembly of Turkey (TBMM).