Coventina

She is known from multiple inscriptions at one site in Northumberland, England, an area surrounding a wellspring near Carrawburgh on Hadrian's Wall.

The well and the walled area surrounding it are near the Roman fort and settlement on Hadrian's Wall, now known as Carrawburgh, which was called "Brocoliti" in the Ravenna Cosmography),[2] from the 7th century but based on earlier sources, and "Procolitia" in the 5th century document Notitia Dignitatum.

[3] The contents of the well included 13,487 coins from Mark Anthony to Gratian, a relief of three water nymphs, the head of a male statue, two dedication slabs to the goddess Coventina, ten altars to Coventina and Minerva, two clay incense burners, and a wide range of votive objects.

[1] Evidence from coin hoards and stones which covered them and those also blocking the well suggest a fairly abrupt end around 388, perhaps due to events linked to anti-pagan edicts of Theodosius I. Excavation of the site revealed several inscribed altars, some with depictions of Coventina in typical Roman nymph form - reclining, partially clothed and associated with water.

An example of an inscription[5] from the site reads: “To the Goddess Coventina, Titus D[unclear] Cosconianus, Prefectus of the First Cohort of Batavians, freely and deservedly (dedicated this stone).”

Inscribed bas-relief of Coventina
Standing stone marking the site of Coventina's Well
Bas-relief of triple Coventina
The Celtic god Cernunnos on the Gundestrup cauldron
The Celtic god Esus felling a tree on the Pillar of the Boatmen