It is presently owned and operated by Vale Limited (formerly known as INCO) in the city of Greater Sudbury, Ontario, Canada.
[9] As the workforce at the mine increased, the company constructed more single family homes with running water and electricity.
[9] In 1986, INCO announced that the company would be "getting out of the landlord business"[11] due to the expense of maintaining the settlement to modern standards.
[2] The Sudbury Igneous Complex (SIC) is an impact melt structure, formed by the collision of a meteor 1.85 billion years ago.
[12] An important geological unit within the SIC is the Sudbury Breccia, which is an impactite interpreted to have been formed during the impact crater modification or excavation.
[2] Copper, nickel, and PGE rich sulfides settled to the base of the molten Sudbury Breccia, and formed veins and stockworks of mineralization in the footwall (the non-igneous rocks underlying the SIC).
[2] This results in a spatial association between the sulfide-rich ore deposit locations and the lithological contact between the footwall and the Sudbury Breccia.
[2] This, along with the calcium and tantalum variations and an age of titanite of 1.616 billion years, has been interpreted to reflect an "increasing temperature-pressure gradient towards shear zones that were active during the Mazatzalian orogeny".
[2] A study on the formation of the ore body at the Creighton Mine indicates that the economic minerals crystallized from the sulfide melt early on in the cooling process.
[13] Euhedral zoning with an " irarsite (IrAsS) core, an outer layer of hollingworthite (RhAsS), and a PGE-rich Ni cobaltite rim (CoAsS)"[13] is common of the PGE sulfarsenides found at the mine.
[13] Common ore minerals found at the Creighton mine include chalcopyrite, cubanite, galena, ilmenite, magnetite, pentlandite, pyrite, and pyrrhotite.
[16][15] Less common and non-ore minerals which occur at the mine include altaite, argentopentlandite, arsenopyrite, biotite, bornite, cassiterite, cobaltite, epidote, froodite, gersdorffite, gold, heazlewoodite, hessite, hollingworthite, insizwaite, irarsite, kotulskite, marcasite, maslovite, melonite, merenskyite, michenerite, millerite, moncheite, muscovite, nickeline, parkerite, quartz, rutile, silver, sperrylite, sphalerite, stützite, tin, and tsumoite.
2007 was a breakthrough in mining extraction and exploration, with the conformation of mineralization at depth,[18] which produced 793,000 tonnes of ore with grades of 1.62% copper and 2.8% nickel.
The ground control program at Creighton Mine costs $20 million a year, and consists of a team of over 20 people along with a large network of smart cables and seismometers.
[5] Originally excavated for the Sudbury Neutrino Observatory (SNO), it has been expanded into a general-purpose facility called SNOLAB.
[28] In 2004, a $7.5 million 3-story lab was constructed for the SNO on the grounds of the Creighton Mine, creating the foundation for the laboratories known today as SNOLAB.
[34] Groundwater naturally flows through the tailings area of the Creighton mine, posing an environmental contamination risk.
[citation needed] To protect against contamination, groundwater from the tailings area is pumped to and treated at water treatment plants.
[6] This greenhouse grows approximately 100 000 jack and red pine trees, which will be used in regreening and remediation of the Sudbury basin.