Creole nationalism

Historian Joshua Simon argues: "the Creoles enjoyed many privileges, benefiting in particular from the economic exploitation and political exclusion of the large Indigenous, African, and mixed-race populations...

They typically did not give weight to the native or mixed-race peoples who comprised the great majority of the population in most Latin-American colonies.

[3] In Mexico in 1813 at the Congress of Chilpancingo the promulgation of the first Mexican Declaration of Independence expressed the sentiments of Creole nationalism.

According to historian D. A. Brading, "Creole patriotism, which began as the articulation of the social identity of American Spaniards, was transmuted into the insurgent ideology of Mexican nationalism.

Nationalist sentiments were expressed through the anti-confederationist press, especially in the form of satiric poetry, short stories and utopian concepts.