The genus is part of the large lizard family Iguanidae and is native to Mexico and Central America.

The species range in size (total length, including the tail) from about 12.5 centimetres (4.9 in) to well over 1 metre (39 in).

The distinctive feature of this genus is the presence of enlarged, spiny scales on the tail.

Ctenosaurs are generally omnivorous, feeding on fruits, flowers, foliage, and small animals.

[4][5] These species inhabit lowland dry forests, woodlands and semi-open habitats, below 1,200 metres (3,900 ft) elevation, on both coasts of Mexico and Central America.