Books on how to handle and be aware of cultural differences seek to prepare business people and travelers.
[3] Tourists can also be confronted with variants in protocols for tipping, body language, personal space, dress codes, and other cultural issues.
[4] A legal culture is a system of laws and precedents peculiar to a nation, region, religion, or other organized group.
A culture gap occurs when incompatible or opposing systems might be applied to the same situation or assumed by the parties.
In some cases, such a gap is intentionally sought by one party, as in forum shopping for a more favorable legal framework or in libel tourism, by which speech protected in one jurisdiction may be actionable in another.
[5] Communication between and collaboration among scientific disciplines is sometimes hindered by use of different paradigms or competition between the desires to describe a simple explanatory framework and elucidate fine details.