[2] The Concept of Cumulative Quantities (CCQ) uses the feedback mechanism of a closed loop, which can be found in industrial, engineering and electronic systems.
The target requirements are summarized for each time-interval and compared with the actual values for closed-loop control.
If mistakes are present in the database, data processing or in data-acquisition appropriate counter-measures are needed.
Target-actual-control-loop uses exactly defined counting points that demarcate the next-following intervals along the supply chain.
Cumulative quantities are a part of official EDI-formats (e.g. EDIFACT - DELFOR) that are widely used by OEMs and their suppliers.