Cupisnique

[4] Another scholar, Izumi Shimada, calls Cupisnique a possible ancestor of Mochica (Moche) culture with no mention of Chavin.

[5] Yet another scholar, Anna C. Roosevelt, refers to "the coastal manifestation of the Chavin Horizon... dominated by the Cupisnique style".

The Chavin people who came after the Cupisnique built a temple adjacent to Collud about three hundred years later, in a location named "Zarpan".

The temple found in 2008 also includes imagery of the spider deity, thought to be associated with rainfall, hunting, and warfare.

The second reason being the buildings [are] embellished with painted, incised stucco relief work depicting surreal creatures".

In 2008, it was reported that archaeologists had excavated the Cupisnique site of Limoncarro in the Guadalupe District, Pacasmayo, La Libertad Region of the northern Peru coast.

Two phases of construction were identified; among other things, animal faces indicating Cupisnique iconography were uncovered.

In 2020, local farmers clearing land in the La Libertad region of northwestern Peru found the ruins of a shrine bearing a large mural painted in shades of ocher, yellow, gray and white.

Stirrup-handled Cupinisque ceramic vase 1250 BC ( Larco Museum collection)
Cupisnique ceramic bottle depicting a feline with rounded ears, a distinctive characteristic of the ocelot ( Musée du quai Branly , Paris)
Ancient Moche people of Peru depicted spiders in their art, such as portrayed on this c. 300 AD ceramic artifact of the culture, with the spider deity shown holding a knife that often appears in depictions ( Larco Museum )
Cupisnique ceramic bottle 1000–800 B.C., with caiman body and feline head. Met Museum, NYC