Cuprospinel

The type locality of cuprospinel is Baie Verte, Newfoundland, Canada,[2][1] where the mineral was found in an exposed ore dump.

Then the resulting product is slowly cooled to room temperature in order to obtain the desired stable spinel structure.

The resulting viscous suspension is then placed in an ultrasonic bath to be properly dispersed, followed by heating in a furnace at high temperature[clarification needed : imprecise terms and very confusing text].

The final product is then washed in diethyl ether, ethyl acetate, ethanol and deionized water[clarification needed : unclear!

[18][19] Recent years, various research towards the heterogeneous catalytic ability of CuFe2O4 in organic synthesis have been published ranging from traditional reactions to modern organometallic transformation.

Particularly, only by applying magnetic bar at the outer vessel, the catalyst can easily be held at the edge of container while removing solution and washing particles.

Moreover, the catalytic site can be exploited in either cooper or iron center because of the large-surface area of nanoparticles, leading to wide scope to apply this material in various types of reactions.

In the mechanistic study, the copper play a significant role in both generate radical from TBHP and activate C-H from substituted alkyne.

It was observed that there was a single-electron oxidative addition of copperII to copperIII through a radical step, then transformed back to copperI by reductive elimination in the presence of either oxygen or peroxide.

Other molecules containing functional groups with electron lone pairs such as nitro (NO2) and thiol (RS-H) also are activated by the catalyst.

Species forming containing a single unpaired electron such as TEMPO or peroxymonosulphate are also adsorbed and activated to promote some organic reactions.

One-pot synthesis of fluorine containing spirohexahydropyrimidine derivatives. Adapted from Dandia, Jain & Sharma 2013 . [ 16 ]
A3 coupling of aldehydes , amine with phenylacetylene . Adapted from Tamaddon & Amirpoor 2013 . [ 23 ]
C-O cross-coupling between phenols and aryl halides. Adapted from Yang et al. 2013 . [ 25 ]
C-H activation in Mannich type reaction. Adapted from Nguyen et al. 2014 . [ 15 ]
Arylation between acetylacetone with iodobenzene. Adapted from Nguyen et al. 2014 . [ 12 ]
Coupling reaction of ortho-arylated phenols and dialkylformamides. Adapted from Nguyen et al. 2017 . [ 26 ]
Transformation between aryl halide and substituted alkynes