He played college basketball for the Rhode Island Rams, earning conference player of the year honors in the Atlantic 10 in 1998.

At Rhode Island, he helped lead the Rams team to an Elite Eight appearance in the 1998 NCAA Men's Division I Basketball Tournament and graduated with a degree in communication studies.

Mobley started at the shooting guard position, where he and Steve Francis formed one of the NBA's elite scoring backcourts.

Cuttino Mobley was traded to the Orlando Magic along with Steve Francis and Kelvin Cato for Tracy McGrady, Juwan Howard, Reece Gaines, and Tyronn Lue in the 2004 offseason.

On November 21, 2008, Mobley and Tim Thomas were traded to the New York Knicks for Zach Randolph and Mardy Collins.

"[7] In 2017, Mobley became the co-captain of Power in the BIG3; a 3-on-3 concept professional basketball league featuring former NBA players and prospects.

[14][15] On April 5, 2010, the New York Knicks announced Mobley's formal release after the league approved their request for luxury tax relief.