[2] At the time this plant was federally listed as an endangered species in 1991 there was only one individual left.

[3] This Hawaiian lobelioid is a shrub which can reach ten feet in height.

The inflorescence produces up to 15 green-tinged white flowers with purple stripes.

[4] The plant was said to be driven to extinction by the destruction and degradation of its habitat by several forces.

Others included exotic plant species, such as Koster's curse (Clidemia hirta) and passionflower (Passiflora suberosa).