The men's track time trial at the 1956 Summer Olympics in Melbourne, Australia, was held on Thursday 6 December 1956.

The event was won by Leandro Faggin of Italy, the nation's first victory in the men's track time trial.

[2] Brazil, Colombia, and Vietnam each made their debut in the men's track time trial.

He set a difficult pace, with the second-best Olympic performance yet of 1:11.4 after Russell Mockridge's 1952 record of 1:11.1.

The next 15 riders all failed to match Fouček, but Faggin (who held the world record of 1:09.2) beat him by over a second and a half.