Vasiliǐ Matveievitch Czernajew (Russian: Василий Матвеевич Черняев; April 2, 1794 – March 6, 1871) was a Russian botanist responsible for collecting and describing at least 5 new genera and 9 new species[1] of fungi between 1822 and 1839.

His name is written in the Cyrillic alphabet and has appeared in scientific documentation with a number of different romanizations, including V. Czernajev, Basil Matveievich Czerniaiev,[2] B.M.

Tschernaiew, V. Tschernajef,[3] and V. Czerniaier,[4] although the official abbreviation seems to be consistently written as Czern.

[5] Czernajew was a botany professor at the University of Kharkiv and the director of the botanical garden there.

[6] This article about a Russian botanist is a stub.