Czerwono-Czarni (Polish pronunciation: [t͡ʂɛrˌvɔnɔˈt͡ʂarɲi]; literally: "the Red-and-Blacks") was one of the most popular rock bands in the history of Polish popular music, and one of the pioneers of rock and beat music in Poland (both styles together known as the "Big Beat" in the Eastern Bloc at the times).
The Polish rock scene dates from 1959, when the short-lived Rhythm and Blues band debuted.
[5] Czerwono-Czarni was founded by Franciszek Walicki on 22 June 1960 in Gdańsk,[2][6] first performed on 23 July that year,[7] and operated until 1976.
[8] This changed shortly afterwards, and notable artists who performed in the group included W. Bernolak (Polanie), Seweryn Krajewski (Czerwone Gitary), Zbigniew Podgajny (Niebiesko-Czarni), Zbigniew Bizoń, Przemysław Gwoździowski, Piotr Puławski (Polanie), Ryszard Poznakowski, Henryk Zomerski, Tadeusz Mróz, Ryszard Gromek, Helena Majdaniec, Katarzyna Sobczyk, Karin Stanek, Wojciech Gąssowski, Toni Keczer, Maciej Kossowski.
[7] Their notable songs include: Trzynastego ("The Thirteenth"), O mnie się nie martw ("Don't Worry About Me"), Chłopiec z gitarą ("A Boy With A Guitar"), Jedziemy autostopem ("Hitchhiking") and Malowana lala ("Painted Doll").