In 2005, Fogler's Broadway debut as William Barfée in The 25th Annual Putnam County Spelling Bee won him the Tony Award for Best Featured Actor in a Musical.

Other television credits include recurring roles on ABC's The Goldbergs, NBC's Hannibal, CBS's The Good Wife and voice work for Fox's American Dad!.

He also had roles in Fanboys, Take Me Home Tonight, Scenic Route, Europa Report and the J. K. Rowling adaptation Fantastic Beasts and Where to Find Them, released worldwide in November 2016.

with Steve Carell and Jim Carrey, Disney's Mars Needs Moms, 2008's Kung Fu Panda with Jack Black and Jackie Chan, and the 2013 comedy Free Birds.

Fogler wrote and directed the play Elephant in the Room in 2007, a work inspired by Ionesco's Rhinoceros and produced by the New York International Fringe Festival.

[18] In 2020, Fogler revealed on Instagram his successful two-year effort to lose 100 pounds (45 kilograms) for his health and his family, as he feared getting obesity-related diseases such as diabetes and high blood pressure.