When India achieved liberation from British occupation in 1947, two sections of the Indian subcontinent were "combined" into Pakistan, a country founded on the so-called "Two Nation Theory".
Later they declared that Dandakaranya Project will play a vital role to both the Bengali refugees and tribal people residing there.
It was set up to rehouse homeless refugees from East Pakistan,[10] who were leading a demoralized existence on doles in camps.
[citation needed] The Dandakaranya Project came into existence in terms of the Government of India Resolution (law) dated 12 September 1958 for the avowed purpose of effective and expeditious execution of the schemes to replace displaced persons from East Pakistan in Dandakaranya and for the integrated development of the area with particular regard to the promotion of the interests of the area's tribal population.
These difficulties of agriculture colonization in the Dandakaranya Project were a result of rainfall variability, aridity, land reclamation, soil and hydrological problems .