[1] Following the Easter Rising of 1916 the accused men had participated in forming circles of the IRB in Australia.
This was regarded as a disloyal activity as Australia was at war with Germany which had been an ally of the Irish rebels.
The Irish community in Australia opposed attempts to introduce conscription, which was defeated in referendums in 1916 and 1917.
An Inquiry into their arrest was held during August 1918 by Mr Justice Harvey, who recommended they continue in custody.
A function to welcome the Sydney internees home was held in St Patrick’s hall, Church Hill.