David Nathaniel Friedrich Dietrich (3 October 1800 – 23 December 1888) was a German botanist and gardener.
He was the nephew of the botanist Friedrich Gottlieb Dietrich (1765–1850).
Dietrich wrote pamphlets on poisonous plants, mosses, and forest flora and fauna of Germany as well as several botanical encyclopedias.
His five-volume, 1839-1852 Synopsis Plantarum included about 80,000 species and 524 genera.
The five-volume Flora of Germany published from 1833 to 1864 contains 1150 colored panels.