David R. Hekman (born 1978) is an associate professor of organizational leadership and information analytics at the University of Colorado at Boulder.
[3] His work has been written about in The New York Times, The Washington Post, The Boston Globe, The Chicago Tribune, The Atlantic, and Forbes.
[4][5][6][7] Hekman has also shown that female and nonwhite executives who promote diversity tend to be penalized with lower performance ratings.
Women and minorities may feel discouraged from hiring and promoting individuals who look like them because they are subconsciously aware that their bosses will judge them harshly for doing so.
[24][25][26] He identified four main types of workplace courage: standing up to authority, uncovering mistakes, structuring uncertainty, and protecting those in need.