He served most recently as Canada's permanent representative to the North Atlantic Treaty Organization from 1997 to 2003.
[1] He served as Assistant Deputy Minister for Europe in the recently renamed Department of Foreign Affairs and International Trade from 1990 to 1994, helping shape Canada's response to the downfall of the Soviet Union, the Gulf War and the outbreak of the Yugoslav Wars.
He became Canada's ambassador to Spain in 1994, serving during the Canadian-Spanish fishing dispute known as the Turbot War in 1995.
He is currently the Kenneth and Patricia Taylor Distinguished Visiting Professor in Foreign Affairs, Victoria College, University of Toronto.
He is also a special advisor to Dale & Lessmann LLP, a Canadian law firm, where he keeps clients abreast of developments in trade negotiations, particularly on the proposed Canada-European Union Comprehensive Economic and Trade Agreement.