A member of the Armenian Revolutionary Federation, he was the President of the National Assembly of the breakaway state Republic of Artsakh from August to October 2023.

On 3 October 2023, he and three former presidents of Artsakh, Arkadi Ghukasyan, Bako Sahakyan and Arayik Harutyunyan, were detained by the State Security Service of Azerbaijan and brought to Baku.

[2][3] On 7 August 2023, Ishkhanyan was elected President of the National Assembly.

[4] Pursuant to Artsakh constitution article 98,[5][1] he also became acting president within three days following the September 1 resignation of President Arayik Harutyunyan, holding it up until the 2023 Artsakhian presidential election.

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