Born to an impoverished petite noble family in the province of Imereti, Georgia (then part of the Russian Empire), he was educated at the military schools of Kiev and Moscow (1880-1882).

Nevertheless, he is regarded as an exemplary prose stylist with superb humor and gentler social satire.

The first major novel, Solomon Morbeladze (სოლომონ მორბელაძე) appeared in 1894, followed by Samanishvili's Step-Mother (სამანიშვილის დედინაცვალი, 1897), The Misfortunes of Kamushadze (ქამუშაძის გაჭირვება, 1900), Rostom Manvelidze (როსტომ მანველიძე, 1910), and Bakula's Pigs (ბაკულას ღორები, 1920).

His plays, especially Irine’s Happiness (ირინეს ბედნიერება, 1897) and The Misfortunes of Darispan (დარისპანის გასაჭირი, 1903) resemble the French comedies of the 1840s only set in an Imeretian village at the turn of the 20th century.

In the 1920s, Kldiashvili returned to writing and produced his memoirs On the Road of My Life (ჩემი ცხოვრების გზაზე, 1925), as well as two new novellas published between 1924 and 1926.