Deccani–Vijayanagar wars

[3]Approximately 50 years after the Battle of Talikota, the Vijayanagara Empire's demise at the hands of the Madurai Nayaks in 1614 led to the establishment of new, smaller kingdoms in the south.

[10] Yusuf Adil Shah mustered a force of seven thousand horsemen, a substantial infantry contingent, and three hundred elephants to attack the Vijayanagara army.

Yusuf Adil Shah, leading 8000 cavalry and 200 elephants, left his capital to face the Vijayanagara army and set up camp on the banks of the Krishna River.

[14][10] Taking advantage of internal rebellions during the reign of Adil Shah, Qasim Barid I formed an alliance with Tuluva Narasa Nayaka of Vijayanagara and asked him to attack Raichur Doab.

[18][19][20] In 1503, Taking advantage of internal rebellions within the Vijayanagara Empire against their new king Vira Narsimha Raya, Yusuf Adil Shah marched against Kurnool and Adoni.

[21][10] While Narasimha II was negotiating trade deals with the Portuguese, war once again broke out with the Muslim Bahmani successor kingdoms to the north, for reasons that remain unclear.

The fugitive who helped Yusuf Adil Shah achieve victory was appointed as an amir with the title of "Bahadur Khan", and given fifty elephants and a substantial amount of money.

[10] In 1520 Ismail Adil Shah, seeking to reclaim Goa and Kurnool which was lost to the Portuguese and Vijayanagara earlier in his reign, marched to Raichur with an army of 300,000 infantry, 10,000 cavalry and 200 elephants.

Their victorious joint assault on Raichur cost Krishnadevaraya's army 16,000 soldiers, while Ismail Adil Shah was defeated and forced to retreat into the jungles to escape.

It remains unclear whether any external factors influenced Achyuta Deva Raya's decision to sue for peace, particularly given the large, well-equipped, and battle-tested army at his disposal.

[4][29][10] Upon learning of the death of Bhoj Tarmal, and perhaps believing he had a rightful claim to some of the Vijayanagara possessions as much as Rama Raya, Ibrahim Adil Shah I sent Asad Khan with a sizable force to capture the fort of Adoni.

Asad Khan had to retreat, but quickly regrouped and launched an attack on Venkatadari, causing the Vijayanagara troops to flee and leave everything on the battlefield, including their leader's children, who were taken captive.

As a result, a large sum of gold was presented to Asad Khan, and he was persuaded to intervene with Ibrahim Adil Shah I, leading to the restoration of peace.

Ibrahim, feeling besieged from all sides, used flattery and concessions to persuade Burhän and Sadasiva Raya of Vijayanagara to retreat, allowing Asad Khan Läri to attack Jamshid.

Ferishta mentions that Ibrahim collected 250 elephants, 170 pieces of cannon, lot of ammunitions and camp material belonging to Burhan Nizam Shah.

[35] In 1568, Ali Adil Shah found himself embroiled in conflicts with neighboring kingdoms, prompting Hindu chiefs from Adoni and Penugonda to launch attacks on his territory.

Establishing Bankapur as his headquarters, Manju Khan issued an order demanding all tributary chiefs to pay their outstanding dues, offering protection to those who complied and threatening severe consequences for those who did not.

However, the general was recalled to the capital to assist the Sultan in addressing a new threat to his throne - the rebellion of his younger brother Prince Ismā'il, which shook the very foundations of the State.

[43] After proclaiming himself an independent sovereign in 1512, Sultan Quli Qutb Shah launched attacks on Razukonda and Devarakonda, fortresses located southeast and south-southeast of Hyderabad in Telangana.

Upon Krishnadeva Raya's arrival, he launched an assault on the Muhammadan stronghold in Bellamkonda, prompting the Sultan to execute a swift counter-march, ultimately catching the Hindu army by surprise.

[47][48] Upon receiving news of the fall of Kondavidu, Krishnadeva Raya dispatched his general and son-in-law Seeva Ray with a formidable force of 100,000 foot soldiers and 8,000 cavalry to confront the Muhammadans.

[51] In 1536, Quli Qutb Shah had effectively consolidated his rule over his kingdom through the conquest of various regions in Telangana and Andhra Pradesh, solidifying his position as a formidable sultan in the Deccan.

In the fierce engagement that followed, the army of Ibrahim Qutb Shah was initially defeated, prompting Sadasiva Raya to send troops to secure the guns left behind.

[54] In 1579, the king of Golconda Sultanate, in violation of his agreement, launched attacks on and successfully conquered the fortresses of Vinukonda, Kondavid, Kacharlakota, and Kammam, thereby gaining control over extensive territories to the south of the Krishna River.

In order to remove them from power, Muhammad Quli Qutb Shah joined the army and crossed the Krishna River at Musalimudugu to lay siege to Nandyal.

This led to the evacuation of Nandyal by Basawanta Raj and the submission of other chiefs in the area, who agreed to pay tribute to the Sultan in exchange for maintaining control of their territories.

[56] The swift and comprehensive victories of the royal forces, along with the submission of nearly all the chiefs between the Krishna River and Penukonda, emboldened the Sultan to direct his focus towards the capital itself.

He dispatched his ministers Goparāj Timma and Papaiyah Setti with a letter and valuable gifts to the Sultan, proposing a temporary armistice of three days in preparation for a lasting peace treaty.

However, when the truce expired, instead of negotiating a permanent treaty as promised, he gathered his allies, including Achyuta Nayak of Tanjore, and ordered them to launch an assault on the Telangana army.

In his absence, Rama Raya of Vijayanagara arrived at Ahmadnagar with his army and besieged the fortress, leading to widespread plunder and persecution of the people, particularly Muslims.