Defence of India act and Defence of India rules, 1962

In December 1962, the Indian Parliament enacted the Defence of India act, 1962 which consolidated the continued application of the ordinance as law.

[1] The act consisted of 156 rules that "regulated virtually all aspects of life" including travel, finance, trade, communication, publication etc.

and were essentially identical to the Defence of India act, 1939 enacted during World War II.

The act was infamous in having been used on Indians of Chinese ethnicity during and after the 1962 Sino-India war.

Many of them were taken from border towns in Northeast India like Darjeeling and Kalimpong along with other Chinese Indians living in Assam and Kolkata, and incarcerated in a detention camp in Deoli, in the state of Rajasthan.