Accordingly, they found the exclusion of the Royal Canadian Mounted Police (RCMP) from the public services legislation did not violate section 2(d).

He brought a challenge to the federal Public Service Staff Relations Act (PSSRA) and part of the Canada Labour Code on the grounds it violated his right to association.

Bastarache J, writing for the majority, held that the PSSRA did not violate the Charter because it did not affect members of the RCMP from forming their own independent associations.

"[2] Much of the holding in this case was superseded by Health Services and Support – Facilities Subsector Bargaining Assn.

v British Columbia, and the decision was ultimately overruled by Mounted Police Association of Ontario v Canada (Attorney General).