It was a weekly printed in Congress Poland, then part of the Russian Empire, between December 3, 1823 and November 29, 1824, 44 issues in total, with a circulation of 150 copies.
[2][3] Launched by Polish Jewish writer, head of the Warsaw rabbinical seminary, and assimilation activist Anthony Eisenbaum [pl], the paper was printed in two languages: Polish and German, the latter in Hebrew script.
To this end, during the centenary celebration of the Yiddish press, Nahum Sokolow smugly noted that as early as 1686 a group of Polish Jews in Amsterdam printed a semi-weekly in a likewise way, i.e., in German in Hebrew script, "so that the centenary of the Yiddish press should have been celebrated more than a century ago".
[2] The page layout of the divided into two columns by language with basically identical content.
[3] The next Jewish newspaper in Russian Empire, Ha-Melitz, this time in Hebrew, appeared nearly 40 years later.