In category theory, a branch of mathematics, for every object
is the canonical projection morphism to the
The existence of this morphism is a consequence of the universal property that characterizes the product (up to isomorphism).
The restriction to binary products here is for ease of notation; diagonal morphisms exist similarly for arbitrary products.
The image of a diagonal morphism in the category of sets, as a subset of the Cartesian product, is a relation on the domain, namely equality.
For concrete categories, the diagonal morphism can be simply described by its action on elements
, the ordered pair formed from
The reason for the name is that the image of such a diagonal morphism is diagonal (whenever it makes sense), for example the image of the diagonal morphism
The diagonal morphism into the infinite product
may provide an injection into the space of sequences valued in
However, most notions of sequence spaces have convergence restrictions that the image of the diagonal map will fail to satisfy.
The dual notion of a diagonal morphism is a co-diagonal morphism.
exists, the co-diagonal[3][2][7][5][6] is the canonical morphism satisfying where
with the pushout is an epimorphism if and only if the codiagonal is an isomorphism.
[8] This category theory-related article is a stub.