The mechanism is not well understood; it probably inhibits DNA replication,[1] but also has affinity to RNA.

Acute side effects include vomiting, diarrhea, and hypotension (low blood pressure).

Diminazen can harm the liver, kidneys and brain, which is potentially life-threatening; camels are especially susceptible to these effects.

[1] The Gibe River Valley in southwest Ethiopia showed universal resistance between July 1989 and February 1993.

[3] This likely indicates a permanent loss of function in this area against the tested target, T. congolense isolated from Boran cattle.