In economics, a discount function is used in economic models to describe the weights placed on rewards received at different points in time.
For example, if time is discrete and utility is time-separable, with the discount function f(t) having a negative first derivative and with ct (or c(t) in continuous time) defined as consumption at time t, total utility from an infinite stream of consumption is given by:
Total utility in the continuous-time case is given by:
{\displaystyle U{\Bigl (}\{c(t)\}_{t=0}^{\infty }{\Bigr )}=\int _{0}^{\infty }{f(t)u(c(t))dt}}
provided that this integral exists.
Exponential discounting and hyperbolic discounting are the two most commonly used examples.