After the communist coup in September 1944, he began work at the Ministry of the Interior and later became an officer of the Bulgarian Army.

He was responsible for Bulgaria's participation in the invasion of Czechoslovakia by Warsaw Pact troops in 1968.

Dzhurov played a key role in the ousting of longtime Communist leader Todor Zhivkov in December 1989.

[3][4] On 9 November, a day before a scheduled Politburo meeting, Dzhurov advised Zhivkov to resign.

[4] Just before the meeting the next day, Dzhurov gave Zhivkov an ultimatum—unless he stepped down, the Politburo would not only vote to remove him, but have him executed.