Dodge EPIC

The first 17 Dodge Caravan EPIC minivans were delivered to government clients in California by June 1997: six to Naval Construction Battalion Center Port Hueneme, five to March Air Force Base, four to McClellan Air Force Base, and two to Southern California Edison.

[10] In 1998, nickel metal-hydride (NiMH) batteries were fitted with production scheduled to begin in October,[11] and it was offered for lease to fleets in New York and California starting with the 1999 model year.

Chrysler killed off the plan in 2011, and sold its GEM brand to the ATV and snowmobile manufacturer Polaris shortly after.

[2] The concept EPIC used the same drivetrain as the TEVan;[2] as equipped with the nickel-iron cells, the vehicle had a maximum range of 120 miles (193 km) on only one charge and had a top speed of 65 mph (105 km/h).

[10] As tested by Southern California Edison, urban range varied from 46.2 to 58.6 mi (74.4 to 94.3 km), depending on load, and freeway range varied from 52.6 to 60.8 mi (84.7 to 97.8 km); total energy used was approximately 32–35 kW-hr, as measured from AC energy drawn by the charger after each test, which includes charging losses.

[14]: 5  As tested by Southern California Edison, urban range varied from 63.6 to 82.0 mi (102.4 to 132.0 km), depending on load, and freeway range varied from 68.6 to 99.3 mi (110.4 to 159.8 km); total energy used was approximately 50–55 kW-hr, as measured from AC energy drawn by the charger after each test, which includes charging losses.