It is a fine, lightweight plain weave cotton fabric, ornamented with embroidery or flocking with dotted patterns.
The placement of dots can be regular to irregular and single color or multicolor.
The design is said to have originated around 1750 in St. Gallen, Switzerland, which emerged as a textile center in the 15th century.
Originally the dots were produced with swivel weaving, a technique of weaving that allowed colorful designs to be woven onto a base fabric, a technique which was gradually replaced with embroidery, flocking and printing etc.
In modern times blended fabrics are also used to make dotted swiss.