The Dubravlag was founded as one of several Gulag special camps in the Mordovian ASSR for political prisoners with a large population of Soviet dissidents.
The Soviets established a number of camps in the Mordovian ASSR to hold individuals convicted of "particularly dangerous state crimes" specifically.
In 1966, Sinyavsky and Daniel were both imprisoned at the Dubravlag until their early release in 1971 by Yuri Andropov, the Chairman of the KGB at the time.
After the dissolution of the Soviet Union in December 1991, the Dubravlag was inherited by Russia, which maintained many of the penal labor camps in Zubovo-Polyansky District.
In 2005, the Dubravlag camp was dissolved and the site has been converted into a prison operated by the Republic of Mordovia branch of the Federal Penitentiary Service.