Men's sports include baseball, basketball, cross country, football, golf, soccer, tennis, track and field (indoor and outdoor), and wrestling; while women's sports include basketball, cross country, golf, lacrosse, soccer, softball, swimming, tennis, track and field (indoor and outdoor), and volleyball.

Campbell returned to the Big South on July 1, 2011 and competes in all sports, except for wrestling and women's swimming and diving.

The Fighting Camels compete at the NCAA Division I FCS level as a member of the Big South Conference beginning in the 2018 season.

[6] Campbell's basketball teams play their home games in the 3,100-seat John W. Pope, Jr. Convocation Center which opened in 2008 and replaced Carter Gymnasium.

The 16th seeded Fighting Camels were defeated by the top-seeded Duke Blue Devils in Greensboro, North Carolina, 82–56.

Campbell also won the 2000 Atlantic Sun Conference championship, held in Pelham, Alabama by defeating Georgia State University 66–49, which earned the Lady Camels a 15th seed in the 2000 NCAA Division I women's basketball tournament East Regional.

However, Campbell lost in the opening round to the 2nd seeded Duke Blue Devils at Cameron Indoor Stadium in Durham, North Carolina.

The Fighting Camels baseball team plays its home games at the on-campus Jim Perry Stadium, which was known until 2012 as Taylor Field.

Former Major League Baseball pitcher Jim Perry played college ball for the Fighting Camels from 1955 to 1956.

Campbell alum Cedric Mullins, a member of the Baltimore Orioles, was named to the MLB All-Star Game in 2021.

In 2017, the team achieved career highs with its first Southern Conference title, five NCAA qualifiers, and the school's first All-American in Nathan Kraisser.