[citation needed] By 1939, Otto had taken over all of the writing, leaving Earl to act as his literary agent.
He worked as a literary agent for Otis Adelbert Kline for a year, then became a free-lance writer.
[5] Otto Binder attended Crane College in Chicago and told Amazing Stories he was once "an amateur chemist with a home laboratory.
[5] He died October 14, 1974, and was survived by his wife, Ione; a brother, Jack, and two sisters, Marie Hackstock of Chicago and Teresa Samuelson of Estes Park, Colorado.
[5] Earl Binder worked as a mechanical parts inspector for a "large industrial concern" during the 1930s.