[2] The mission of the center is to gain more insight into the theoretical, biological and cognitive aspects of the brain; pursue interdisciplinary research to meet the scientific and technological challenges of the 21st century; promote academic collaboration and engage in community outreach.

[5] The center's International Steering Committee established in 2009 is composed of 11 prominent neuroscientists, including Nobel laureates Bert Sakmann, Richard Axel and Edvard Moser.

[7] Research at ELSC focuses on enhancing the understanding of brain mechanisms, spanning genetic, molecular, cellular and synaptic levels, as well as theoretical and computational studies of biological and artificial neural networks.

[8] Ami Citri's lab uses molecular, synaptic, local circuit and behavioral data to study a small region of the brain called the claustrum.

Varying its activity levels in mice has been shown to affect sleep, responsiveness and impulsive behavior – findings which could lead to new treatments for disorders like ADHD.

[9] Advanced quantitative MRI methods are employed by ELSC member Aviv Mezer and his team[10] to characterize changes in the biological composition of brain tissue as a person ages.

[17] Sompolinsky, a pioneer in computational neuroscience, uses theoretical models like the "ring attractor" to study the dynamics of neuronal networks and their relation to animal and human behavior.

[18] Hermona Soreq, another founding member of the center,[19] won the 2022 EMET Prize for her research achievements in molecular biology, the nervous system and the genetics of degenerative diseases.

[21] In 2021, Naomi Habib, an assistant professor at ELSC,[22] won the Krill Prize for Excellence in Scientific Research for her study of communication between brain cells and how the immune system and environmental risk factors impact on aging.

[7] In an interview with Haaretz newspaper, Spencer de Grey, the chief designer of the project, commented that in his opinion the common spaces were the most important part of the building.