Sir Edward Ayscough (1596 – by 1654) was an English Member of Parliament.
He was the only surviving son of William Ayscough of South Kelsey, Lincolnshire and educated at Sidney Sussex College, Cambridge (1612).
As a devout Puritan he opposed the Forced Loan (a demand by Charles I that people "lend" him money) in 1627 and was briefly dismissed from the bench and imprisoned.
He was an active supporter of the Parliament during the Civil War.
He was succeeded by his son Edward Ayscough, also an MP.